(1) ADSS optical cable installation is typically carried out on energized power line towers. Insulated endless ropes, insulated safety belts, and insulated tools must be used during installation. Wind speeds should not exceed level 5. A safe distance must be maintained from power lines of different voltage levels: greater than 1.0m for 35KV, greater than 1.5m for 110KV, and greater than 3.0m for 220KV.
(2) Due to the extreme fragility of optical Fiber Cores, tension and lateral pressure must not be excessive during installation.
(3) During installation, the optical cable must not rub against or collide with the ground, buildings, towers, cable reel edges, or other objects.
(4) The bending radius of the optical cable is limited. Generally, the bending radius during operation should be ≥D, where D is the diameter of the optical cable. During installation, the bending radius should be ≥30D.
(5) Twisting the optical cable will damage it; longitudinal twisting is strictly prohibited.
(6) The optical Fiber Core is prone to breakage when damp or infiltrated by water. The ends of the optical cable must be sealed with waterproof tape during installation.
(7) The outer diameter of the optical cable is matched to the span. Arbitrary adjustments to the cable reel are prohibited during construction. Similarly, the fittings must correspond to the outer diameter of the optical cable and must not be misused.
(8) After each reel of optical cable is installed, a sufficient length of slack cable is usually reserved for suspension and splicing at the poles and for installing fiber optic distribution frames at substations.
Sagging Tension Meter
The sag tension meter is crucial data reflecting the aerodynamic performance of ADSS optical cables. A complete understanding and correct application of this data are essential for improving project quality.
Manufacturers typically provide three types of sag tension meters under constant conditions: constant installation sag (installation sag is a fixed percentage of the span); constant installation tension; and constant load tension. These three types of tension meters describe the sag tension performance of ADSS optical cables from different perspectives.
It only illustrates the sag tension characteristics of ADSS optical cable products under given operating conditions and differs from actual engineering applications; therefore, it must be taken seriously. It is important to note that the span in the sag tension table is the actual span, specifically the actual span of an isolated span, i.e., the span when there is only one tension section.
In actual engineering, the representative span of that tension section should be determined first. Then, the sag and tension data corresponding to the span with the same or similar value as the representative span should be found in the sag tension table.
Remember that the sag in this case is generally a composite sag. The horizontal and vertical sags are determined using the wind deflection angle. Based on the theoretical values of the representative sag, representative tension, and representative span, the actual data are calculated.
In control conditions, wind load control is related to the mechanical properties of the ADSS optical cable. It typically occurs in long spans (over 600m) and wind conditions exceeding 30ms. The ADSS optical cable is lighter than the conductor, and its wind deflection angle is greater than that of the conductor, making it more prone to elongation. This can potentially cause the ADSS optical cable to collide with the conductor in strong winds.
Although the design calculations are complex, for short spans (less than 100m), the sag is typically taken as 0.5m; for spans between 100m and 120m, the sag is taken as 0.7m. The lowest point of the ADSS optical cable's sag should not be lower than the lowest point of the conductor's sag.
In actual construction, within continuous spans on tension poles, the middle span or a larger span close to the middle, with the smallest difference in suspension point height, is often selected as the observation span. If the number of spans is 7-15, two observation spans should be selected at each end. Common observation methods include the equal-length method and the unequal-length method for sag observation; tension measurement can also be used.
ADSS optical cable engineering design and construction is a complex system engineering project, involving many aspects such as mechanics, electrical systems, meteorological conditions, and the qualifications of construction personnel. It requires both a scientific attitude and effective working methods.
With the continuous progress of power information network engineering, more and more construction and daily maintenance experience will be accumulated, leading to greater development in the application of ADSS optical cables.
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